英语中关系代词有哪些

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2024-07-13 评论 ()

在英语里,关系代词(Relative Pronouns)起着连接名词短语与动词、形容词或者其他名词短语的作用。它们常常被应用在定语从句中,用于指代先行词(即前文所提及的名词)。

1. who (who 用于特指,whom 用于非特指)

2. whom (用于非特指)

3. whose

4. which (用于非特指)

5. that (用于特指或非特指,也能够作为关系代词的省略形式)

6. whose (复数形式)

7. who's (who is 的缩写形式,用于特指)

8. whom's (whom is 的缩写形式,用于非特指)

9. whose's (whose is 的缩写形式)

注意:在句子中,关系代词充当主语时,其主格形式和宾格形式存在差异。比如:

- Who is calling (主格)

- Whom are you calling (宾格)

英语中关系代词和关系副词的区别

关系代词和关系副词的区别

1、关系代词(that, who, whom, whose, which)所替代的先行词为人或者物的名词或者代词,并且在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。

例 1. Is he the man who/that wants to see you(who / that 在从句中作主语,指人)

例 2. He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.(whom / that 在从句中作宾语,指人)

例 3. They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.(whose 在句中作定语,指人)

例 4. Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.(whose 在句中作定语,指物。若指物,它还能够与 of which 相互替换)

例 5. The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that 在句中作 carry 的宾语,指物)

2、关系副词(when, where, why, that)所替代的先行词是时间、地点或者理由的名词,在从句中充当状语。关系副词 when, where, why 的含义相当于"介词 + which"结构,所以常常和"介词 + which"结构交替使用。

例 6. Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born.

例 7. Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer

例 8. His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born.

例 9. He can’t find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago.

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